How to distinguish between yield strength and tensile strength

Tension testerCommonly conducted tests are the tensile and compression tests of materials, which are widely used in the construction, wire and cable, textile and other industries. The following is an introduction to tensile strength and yield strength:

When the stress exceeds the elastic limit, the deformation increases rapidly. In addition to elastic deformation, partial plastic deformation also occurs. When the stress reaches point B, the plasticity increases sharply and a small fluctuating platform appears on the curve. This phenomenon is called yielding. The small stresses at this stage are called the upper yield point and the lower yield point respectively. Since the value of the lower yield point is relatively stable, it is used as an indicator of material resistance, which is called the yield point or yield strength.

When the steel yields to a certain level, its resistance to deformation is improved again due to the rearrangement of the internal grains. Although the deformation develops very quickly, it can only increase with the increase of stress until the stress reaches the value. After that, the steel's ability to resist deformation was significantly reduced, and large plastic deformation occurred in weak places. Here, the cross-section of the specimen shrinks rapidly, and necking occurs until it breaks and breaks down. The stress value before steel is tensile and fractured is called the strength limit or tensile strength.

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